Filter



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

'(No Mdex.)

W. FRANKLIN.

FILTER.

No. 372,530. Patented Nov. 1, 1887.

Cjrvre/L N. PEYERS. mmuumgnpnu. washing ma (No Model.) -2 Sheets-Sheet2.

W. FRANKLIN.

FILTER.

No. 372,530. Patented Nov. 1, 1887.

N. PETERS. Pnmumognpmr, wmamm n. c.

IINrrnn STATES i ATENr Fries.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,530, dated November1, 1887.

Application filed June 13, 1887. Serial No2/11,182. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom z'x may concern:

Beit known that I, IVILLIAM FRANKLIN, of New Haven, in the county of NewHaven and State of Connecticut, have invented anew Improvement inFilters, and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference markedthereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, andwhich said drawings constitute part of this specification, andrepresent, in-

Figure l, a vertical central section through the filter, the faucets,for convenience, being shown in the same plane; Fig. 2, an edge view ofa single filtering-disk; Fig. 3, a modification in the filter.

This invention relates to an improvement in filters which are adaptedfor watersupply, and particularly to that class which are ap*h plied atthe point of discharge, or where the water is drawn for use, the objectof the invention being to construct the tilter so that it will beselfcleansing while in operation and without stopping the ordinary tloivor discharge, in coiitradistinction to that class of filters which arecleansed by reversing the iilter, so as to cause the water to iiow inthe opposite direction through the filter.

A represents the base, through which is a central inlet-passage, B, andwith which the supply-pipe C is connected. In the base is a chamber', D,separated from a chamber, E, above by a plate or diaphragm, F. The inletB opens from the base into the chamber E through the diaphragm F. Aroundthe outer edge ofthe diapragm or partition,between the chambers D andE,is a downward passage, a. This may be in the form of numerousperforations, or may be an annular opening, but so that some portion ofthe water which passes through the inlet into the chamber E above thepartition F may escape through the openings a to the chamber D below.From the chamber D is an outlet, G, preferably provided with a faucet,H, so that the water which escapes from the chamber E downward into theehamberD may be drawn off through the passage G.

In the chamber E, above the partition F, several metallic disks, I, arearranged, preferably of concavo-convex shape, and corresponding to theupper surface of the partition F,

which presents the convex surface upward. The metallic disks I arc ofperforated metal, or made from woven wire, andare p rcfcrably corrugatedradially, as seen in Fig. 2, the corrugations dying out at the center.These disks are secured together at the center, but so as to leave freespace between the disks. This is best done by interposing small disks orcollars between the disks at the center. The disks in diametercorrespond to the diameter of the chamber E, and form the rst orpreliminary filtration. The convex side of the disks is upward, so thatthe tendency of the Water may be naturally to tlow toward the wall ofthe chamber E.

Above the chamber E is a filtering-chamber, J. This Chamber is formedbya cylinder, K, of less external diameter than the internal diameter ofthe casing L. The casing extends upward from the base. The cylinder K isscrewed into the base, so that it may be removable therefrom.

The cylinder K is provided with a diaphram, M, at its lower end, and asimilar diaphragm, N, at its upper end, which are perforated or madefrom woven wire. This chamber is lled with any suitable filteringmaterial, not necessary to be particularly described, as suitablefiltering materials are well known.

Above the iilteringchamberJ is a chamber, O. The cylinder K, beingofless diameter than the casing, leaves an annular space or passage, b,between the cylinder K and the casing, and from this passage b passagesd in the base lead into an annular chamber, P, in the base, which isoutside the chamber D, but separated therefrom. From the chalnber I apassage, R, leads to an outlet or faucet, S, here shown as in the basedirectly opposite the faucet H.

Vater having passed up through the filtering-disks I, thence through thefiltering-chamber J, thence into the chamber C above, may escapetherefrom downward through the passage b, around the filtering-chambers.I and E, into the annular space P below, and thence be drawn offthrough the second faucet S.

In the chamber O, above the first iiltering chamber, is a second seriesof concavo-convex disks, T, of like construction with the disks I below,butof liner mesh or perforations. These disks correspond to the diameterof the chamber O, and are supported therein. chamber O, above the disksT, an outlet is preferably made through a faucet, U, by which waterwhich has passed through the filteringdisks T may be drawn off, ifdesirable.

Above the chamber O'is a second chamber, V, filled with'filteringmaterial, which should be of a grade finer than the chamber J below. ThecasingL extends above the filtering-cham- Y ber, and so as to form adischarge'chamber, NV, which communicates with an outlet-faucet, Y. Thiscompletes the construction of they filter. If the faucets below theupper faucet Y be closed, the passage of the water is through the disksI, through the chamber J, thence through the disks T, then through thechamber V, and finally to be drawn of'f through the faucet Y, thefiltering being perfected by the different grades of filteringmaterials, and so that at its final discharge the water is perfectlyfiltered.

The first filtration is produced by the metal disks I, where the coarseror larger foreign substances will be retained or arrested. The nextfilter, J, will separate other foreign inatters which may escape thedisks I; then the finer disks T come into action and arrest certainportions of the foreign matter which may have escaped t-he filteringmaterials below; and, finally, the last filteringchamber, Y, removes allforeign matters which may have been in the water. Now, ifin drawingthrough the faucet G the faucet H be opened, so as to permit -a smallescape of the water, the portion of the Water which passes into thechamber E will be permitted to escape downward through the chamber D tothe faucet H, and this fdownward flow of the water washes, as it were,the under surfaces of the disks where the foreign substance has beenarrested, andY will cause that substance to pass off through the chamberD to the faucet H, and this downward fiow ofthe water from the disksthrough the outlet G Will keep the disks I thoroughly cleansed from theforeign substances which would otherwise lodge and be retained therein.

The corrugated shape of the disks permits a ready flow of thewaterbetween the disks, and, in fact, directs that flow to the outer edge ofthe disks, where. the escape of the water is made easy into thedischarge-chamber D below.

The flow of water into the chamber E also cleanses the under surface ofthe diaphragm M ofthefilteringechamber J.V Thus while a flow ispermitted from the chamber D the filtering-chamber E is maintained in athoroughly cleansed condition; but while this cleansing operation isgoing on water continues to flow through the filter and out through thefaucet Y, the amount required for cleansing not materially affecting thefiow of Water through the faucet Y,under au ordinary water-supply. Thesame cleansing operation in the chamber O is produced by the Water whichhas passed through the filter J, so that if the escape or faucet S beopen the infiow of the water will wash, as it were, the surfaces of thedisks T From the and the 'under surface of the filteringchamber V. Theproduct of such washing passes down through the passage b to the outletIt, where it is drawn off through the faucet S. 'This cleansing may,andshould,also be in operation when drawing the perfectly-filtered waterthrough the faucet Y. I say should be 1n operation, because being soopen it maintains the surfaces of thedisks and filtering-chambers alwaysin a thoroughly cleansed condition,and avoids the passage of the waterthrough the foreign substances,which might otherwise re-` main upon thesaid surfaces to the detriment of the water.

If at any time water without being filtered. is desired, it may be drawnoff through the faucet I-I.v Again, if water which has been partiallyfiltered is desired, then it may be drawn off through the faucet U,which opens g from the chamber O above the disks T.

In some cases the cleansing above the first filtering material may beunnecessary. In that case the faucet S audits communicating chamber andpassages will be omitted, as seen in Fig. 8; and if the finalpurification ofthe water is not desirable the filter-chamber V, as alsothe disks I,may be omitted, as seen in Fig. 3.

In cases where large quantities of water are to be filtered, as fo'rpaper-mills, hotels, brewcries, &c., the filter may be arranged betweenthe main supply-pipe and the distributingpipes. In that case thedistributing-pipes will t-ake the place of the faucet Y; and under sucharrangement the faucets H and S, if S be used,

should remain open to some extent so as to in` l sure a constantcleansing of the filter, and this is accomplished without interferingwith the general supply to the distributingpipes through the filterunder ordinary Water-pressures.

A good and desirable result,so far as cleansing the filter is concerned,-Will be attained without the disks I in the chamber E below thefiltration-chamber J, as seen in Fig.3. The rush of' water'into thechamber will cause such an agitation of the water as to constantlyremove any foreign -substance which would naturally collect upon theunder side of' the diaphragm M, and this material will find its escapedown into the chamber D, and thence off to waste through the passage G.

I have stated that the filtering-disks may be made from perforated metalor woven wire; but by the term perforated metal I wish to be understoodas embracing either, as may be desired. Dy this construction of filterthe lter is, if desirable, constantly cleansed While in use, or may becleansed at any time without return or changing the direction of thewater through the filtering-chambers.

I claim-- 1. A filter consisting of a chamber, D, a second chamber,:Efabove said chamber D, but com munieatin g therewith, a water-supplypassage opening upward through the partition between the said chambers Dand E, an out- IIO let-passage, G, from said chamber D, ailtering-chamber, J, above said chamber E, supplied with filteringmaterial, and an outlet above said iiltering-chamber J, through whichwater maybe draw n,substantially as described.

2. In a lter, the combination of a chamber, D, a chamber, E, above saidchamber D, an inlet-passage openin upward through the bottom of thechamber E, an outlet-passage from said chamber D, a series of metallicperforated disks in said chamber E, and in diameter corresponding to thediameter of the said chamber, an opening through the bottom of thechamber E into the chamber D below, a fiitering-chan1be1',J, above saidchamber E, and an outlet above said tilteringchamber J, sub stantiallyas described.

3. The combination, in a filter, of a chamber, D, a chamber, E, abovesaid chamber D, the upper surface of the bottom of said chamber Epresenting aconvcx shape, one or more openings near the outer wall ofthe said chamber E into the chamber D below, a sup` ply-passage openingupward through the bottom of the chamber E into said chamber, theescape-passage G from the chamber D, a series of concavo convexperforated disks in said chamber E, the convex side up, and aIilteringchamber, J, above said chamber E, with an outlet above saidiilteringchamber J, substantially as described.

4. The combination cfa chamber, D, a chamber, E, above said chamber D,openings through said chamber E down into the chamber D below, an upwardwater-supply passage through the bottom ofthe said chamber E, and theoutlet-passage G vfrom said chamber D, a filtering-chamber, J, abovesaid chamber E, a second filtering-chamber, V, above said chamber J,with the chamber O between the said two filtering-chambers, a secondescape-passage, R, with downward passages leading from the chamber,intermediate between the two iiltering-chambers,tosaid escape-passage R,substantially as described.

5. rlhe combination of the chamber D, a chamber, E, above it, awater-inlet passage opening upward into Said chamber E through itsbottom, an open passage through the bottom ot' said chamber E into thechamber D below, an escape-passage, G, opening from the said chamber D,ailtering-ehamber, J, above said chamber E, a chamber, O, above saidfiltering-chamber J, an escape-passage, It, below said chamber O, withopenings from the chamber O into said escape-passage R, metallicperforated disks in said chamber O, but above the passage from saidchamber to the eseapepassage R, and a draw-ott1 passage above saiddisks, siibstantially as described.

G. rlhe combination ot` the chamber D, the chamber E above it, awater-supply passage opening into said chamber E throughits bottom, anescape-passage from said chamber E down into the chamber D, anoutlet-passage from said chamber D, two iiltering-chambers, J and V,above said chamber E, with a chamber, O, between saidfiltering-chambers, an escape-passage, R, below said chamber O, withpassages leading from said chamber O to said escapepassage R, and theoutlet or draw-off above said iilteringchamber V, substantially asdescribed.

XVM. FRANKLN.

iVitnesses:

J oHN E. EARLE, FREDK. C. EARLE.

